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Joan Kerlino

Biographies

John Dilworth

KERLINO, Joan 15th century Brescia Italy. One instrument cited by Laborde (ex Kolliker collection) and discussed by Fétis and others, labelled: Joan Kerlino, ann. 1449. Originally described as a violin by Laborde, speculation ensued that it was the oldest violin in existence and that Kerlino was the inventor of the instrument. Laborde also speculated that the name was a Breton one, and that France could claim to be the birthplace of the violin. Fétis interpreted it as in fact a converted viol (or possibly viola da braccio) and identified Kerlino as Brescian. In fact, the name may be a corruption of the Hebrew kelim meaning musical instrument or cantor, and may indicate that the individual was one of the Sephardic Jews expelled from Spain. There is as yet no documentary evidence for this interpretation. However, he is often identified as the unnamed Brescian maker with whom Isabella d’Este unsuccessfully negotiated the purchase of a set of instruments in 1495. Further confusion has followed as a result of a number of speculative copies and straightforward fakes with his name made mostly in France in the 19th century, and in particular a number of violas made in London by George Chanot labelled ‘copy of Joan Kerlino, Brescia 1452’. What was presumably the model for this is a viola da braccio of Venetian origin currently in the collection of the Royal College of Music, London which bears a later inked inscription in the back: ‘Joan Karlino Brescia 1452’.

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